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Bifocal lenses are characterized by containing two distinct segments that assist individuals with different vision needs. These segments are typically divided into a distance vision area at the top and a reading area at the bottom. This design allows users to transition seamlessly between viewing distant objects and reading or performing close-up tasks without needing to switch glasses.

The presence of these two segments is what differentiates bifocal lenses from other types of lenses, such as single vision lenses, which have no segments and are designed for only one type of corrective vision. Additionally, trifocal lenses contain three segments, which cater to multiple vision distances, and lenses with no segments cater to only one vision distance. Bifocal lenses specifically target the dual need for distance and near vision correction, making them particularly useful for presbyopic individuals, who experience difficulty focusing on close objects as they age.