What is irregular astigmatism characterized by?

Irregular astigmatism is characterized by focal lines that are not at right angles to each other. This condition arises when the cornea has an uneven shape, causing light to be focused at multiple points rather than a single point on the retina. Unlike regular astigmatism, which has a symmetric curvature resulting in focal lines that intersect at right angles, irregular astigmatism presents a more complex and varied pattern of focus, leading to distorted or blurry vision.

This irregularity complicates the correction with traditional spherical lenses, and it often requires specialized contact lenses or other optical interventions to manage the vision challenges effectively. Understanding this key distinguishing feature is essential for identifying and addressing refractive errors appropriately in patients.